Anthropic uses Claude to do assembly-level verification for 123 open-source libraries
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Anthropic's Frontier Red Team, in collaboration with Theorem, used Claude to formally verify 239 fuzzing entry points across 123 open-source libraries in Google OSS-Fuzz: turning crash tests into mathematical propositions, requiring proof that no arbitrary input smaller than 64 MB would trigger a crash or ASan error, and generating about 180 million lines of Rocq proofs at the RISC-V assembly level, machine-checked by the Rocq checker. Anthropic says this is the first work to use AI for large-scale formal verification of production software at the assembly code level, provided the program is a single-threaded static binary on Linux. During the proof process, Claude found and fixed hundreds of long-undetected bugs, including vulnerabilities missed by OSS-Fuzz's trillions of fuzzing runs; when a proof got stuck, Claude would first find the bug, patch it, and then continue the proof. Follow-up reporting mentioned that in one decompressor, Claude found an out-of-bounds write that requires about 20MB of specially arranged input to trigger. Anthropic says formal verification used to apply only to small codebases or require large amounts of expert time, and AI models are beginning to change this.
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- WeChat · QbitAISelectedAnthropic has Claude perform assembly-level formal verification of open-source libraries, producing about 180 million lines of proof code
Anthropic, in collaboration with Theorem, had Claude complete formal verification of 239 test entry points across 123 open-source libraries within a few weeks, producing about 180 million lines of machine-checked proof code. The team says this is the first large-scale formal verification of production software at the assembly code level that it is aware of. Specifically, Claude was made to prove that all inputs within a specified range would not trigger agreed-upon errors, and the proof process in turn helped it find vulnerabilities; for example, in a decompressor it found an out-of-bounds write that is triggered only by a specially arranged input of about 20MB, whereas conventional fuzzing usually limits inputs to within 1MB; the team says it has thereby found hundreds of bugs. In the cJSON library, a 391-line C code parsing entry point corresponds to about 630,000 lines of proof, more than half of which was automatically generated by tools Claude wrote itself, and was ultimately checked by the human-developed Rocq proof checker. The team has released proofs for 25 libraries and 60 test entry points for developers to download and reuse.
- The DecoderAnthropic says Claude can automatically formally verify code security
Anthropic's Frontier Red Team, in collaboration with Theorem, had Claude formally verify the test programs of 123 open-source libraries in Google OSS-Fuzz, producing about 180 million lines of proof code within a few weeks. Claude did not write new code; instead, it translated crash tests into mathematical problems, analyzed the compiled machine code and generated proofs, which were then automatically checked by the independent verifier Rocq; according to Anthropic, this process requires almost no human review. During proof generation, Claude encountered hundreds of bugs and was permitted to fix them itself; for example, when verifying a widely used PDF reader, the number of security bugs it found within one week was comparable to the number typically reported for that software over an entire year, and it also found a logic error that had gone unnoticed for more than a decade. Anthropic acknowledges that formal verification does not equal being error-free: the proofs hold only for a specific processor architecture, single-threaded programs and inputs smaller than 64MB, and a single proof may consume hundreds of millions of tokens.
- XiaohongshuXiaohongshu · Tech Just Now· DiscussionClaude writes 180 million lines of proof to find bugs(opens the original post in a new tab)
- WebGeekNews (Korea)· Media coverageLLM이 훨씬 더 큰 규모의 소프트웨어 정형 검증을 가능하게 하고 있음(opens the original post in a new tab)
- WeChat · AI Era (Xinzhiyuan)SelectedClaude writes 180 million lines of proof, uncovering vulnerabilities missed by a trillion fuzzing runs
Anthropic Frontier Red Team and Theorem Labs released a report in which Claude was used to complete formal verification of 239 test entry points across 123 open-source code repositories; about 180 million lines of Rocq proofs passed machine checking, finding vulnerabilities that Google OSS-Fuzz's trillion fuzzing runs missed. The method rewrites test entry points into mathematical propositions, requiring proof that no input within 64MiB triggers a crash or ASan error; a stuck proof may mean a bug exists, and after Claude finds a bug it patches it itself and then continues the proof; in a test on a Rust version of the Python interpreter with 7 bugs planted, random testing missed 5, while the proofs found all of them. The proofs are done at the RISC-V machine code level, and Claude also autonomously wrote a mathematical model of the x86 instruction set, finding hundreds of errors in the official x86 documentation and a small number of CPU hardware bugs. Theorem measured verification speed roughly doubling every two months, and proofs for the first batch of 25 libraries and 60 entry points have been made public on GitHub.
- X @logangrahamAnthropic uses Claude to formally verify safety properties of over a hundred open-source libraries within a few weeks
Anthropic published new research on the Frontier Red Team blog, working with Theorem Labs to use Claude to prove safety properties for over a hundred real open-source libraries within a few weeks. Formal verification can prove that code does not contain specific classes of bugs, but in the past it was only feasible for small codebases or required substantial expert time; Anthropic says that with the emergence of AI models, this situation is beginning to change. Logan Graham says the team direction this work foreshadows is to first find and fix all bugs, and then rewrite the foundations of software so that it contains no bugs from the start. The full research is at https://www.anthropic.com/research/formal-verification
- Unite.AISelectedAnthropic says Claude has proven security properties of 123 libraries
Anthropic published research on October 22, 2026, stating that in a collaboration with Theorem, Claude generated machine-verified formal proofs of security properties at the RISC-V assembly code level for 239 fuzzing entry points across 123 open-source libraries, and fixed the vulnerabilities found. The method converts compilable fuzzers in the libraries into formal specifications stating that no input smaller than 64 MB will crash the test, verified by the Rocq proof checker. Anthropic stated that the proofs totaled approximately 180 million lines of Rocq code, and that the process found hundreds of vulnerabilities, many of which were unlikely to be found by fuzzers, including CVE-2026-56132 in libexpat and a logic vulnerability that had lain dormant for over a decade.
- X @AnthropicAINew Anthropic Frontier Red Team blog post: large-scale formal verification of software with Claude
Anthropic published a new Frontier Red Team blog post introducing results from a collaboration with Theorem Labs on large-scale formal verification using Claude: within weeks, the two parties proved safety properties for over a hundred real open-source libraries. Formal verification can prove the absence of certain bugs in code, but historically it has usually only applied to small codebases or required substantial expert time; Anthropic says AI models are starting to change this. See https://www.anthropic.com/research/formal-verification。 for the full research
- Anthropic Red TeamingSelectedAnthropic: LLMs make formal verification of software feasible at larger scale
Anthropic collaborated with Theorem to use Claude to prove crash-free properties at the RISC-V assembly level for 239 fuzzing entry points across 123 OSS-Fuzz open-source libraries, and states this is the first large-scale work to use AI for formal verification of production software at the assembly code level. The proofs total approximately 180 million lines of Rocq, covering all inputs smaller than 64 MB, under the premise that the program is a single-threaded static binary on Linux. During the proof process, Claude discovered and fixed hundreds of long-undetected bugs, including an out-of-bounds write requiring an approximately 20 MB input with a specific layout and CVE-2026-56132 in libexpat; when verifying a widely used PDF reader, the security bugs found in one week were equivalent to the usual annual volume of reports. On efficiency, Opus 5.5 proved half of the tasks on 36 small verification tasks using approximately 40% fewer tokens than Opus 5.
Related discussion
- X@dearcuong · Cuong PhamA code review nobody has to attend. Anthropic says Claude's proofs for 239 entry points across 123 open-source librarie…(opens the original post in a new tab)
- X@sunruichao · RichardSupplementary materials and verification pointers: • Anthropic ETH formalization repository and proposition descriptions: https://github.com/anthropics/formal-math/tree/16a5ce41304fcdaea4e0be7c132e1c361…(opens the original post in a new tab)
- Older than 72 hours · Not included in the 72-hour figures
- X@carlosearias · Carlos AriasAnthropic and Theorem used Claude to write machine-checked proofs that 239 fuzz test entry points across 123 OSS-Fuzz l…(opens the original post in a new tab)
1 comments·Oct 28 12:34Collect
- WeChatWeChat · AI CambrianJust now, the era of programmers staying up all night hunting for bugs is coming to an end; Claude took only a few weeks to rewrite the entire software testing industry(opens the original post in a new tab)
- X@kabelsalat_info · Kabel-Salat | AI & TechThe ROI shift is already measurable. Anthropic just had Claude write Rocq proofs for 239 OSS-Fuzz targets across 123 li…(opens the original post in a new tab)
- X@Im_BluePhantom · Blue PhantomClaude + Theorem proved no-crash properties for 239 fuzz-test entry points in 123 OSS libraries. Rocq checked compiled…(opens the original post in a new tab)
1 likes·Oct 28 00:35Collect
- X@chamibutinghua · Frank GallagherAnthropic had Claude formally verify 123 open-source libraries, proving that 239 entry points will not crash under any input within 64MB; the proofs total about 180 million lines of Rocq. No one could read that much, and no one needs to; the checker verifies them one by one. Along the way it found several hundred bugs,…(opens the original post in a new tab)
1 comments·Oct 26 23:33Collect
- X@IdeageniusDev · Ideagenius123 open-source libraries, 239 OSS-Fuzz entry points, ~180 million lines of machine-checked Rocq proofs — and it found…(opens the original post in a new tab)
- X@pragunai · Pragun Gauranthropic had claude prove 239 entry points across 123 open source libraries can't crash, for any input up to 64 MB 18…(opens the original post in a new tab)
- X@grok · GrokAnthropic used Claude (jointly with Theorem) to conduct large-scale formal verification of 123 real open-source libraries within a few weeks. Formal verification can mathematically prove that code does not have certain bugs (such as crashes) under specific conditions. Previously it was only suitable for small projects or for experts to do manually over a long period. Now Claude, in RISC-V assembly…(opens the original post in a new tab)
1 likes · 1 comments·Oct 25 14:44Collect
- X@HYJsfn9h · H YJThe world's first large-scale compilation-level formal verification: Anthropic and Theorem jointly release the latest research results, using Claude for 123 core open-source software libraries in Google's OSS-Fuzz program (covering OpenSSL, simdjson, zstd, c…(opens the original post in a new tab)
3 likes · 3 comments·Oct 24 19:43Collect
- X@Asset_sMind · Kevin Fairclothhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/nJP_YnBDGgN_6MWlgZ1SeA(opens the original post in a new tab)
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