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Oct 12 · Monday

All papers

Found 349 papers
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Attack type

Jailbreaks203Prompt injection9Poisoning and backdoors41Model tampering15Extraction and theft45Detection evasion26Denial of service3Malicious use10

Attack technique

Gradient and representation optimization20Automated search47Multi-turn escalation22Encoding and obfuscation43Role-play and persuasion24Conversation structure manipulation11Reasoning-chain manipulation10Cross-modal payloads28Defense-targeted15Dormant triggers12

Model risks

Deception and scheming3Misalignment and value divergence4Inappropriate refusal11Hallucination and fabrication3

Defense type

Model hardening50Inference-time intervention21Detection and filtering27Instruction–data separation6Monitoring and auditing8Watermarking and provenance10

Impact

Harmful content210Data and privacy leaks43Output manipulation58Availability and reliability10Oversight failure7

System type

Models and APIs349LLM applications52AI Agent162coding agent27science agent4web agent8Browser and computer use4Multi-agent systems15Embodied systems and robotics8

Attacker access

Black-box113Gray-box8White-box31

Attack surface / entry point

User input285Documents and messages8Tool responses5Retrieval corpus3Images, audio and video100Training data63Weights and gradients64Distribution channels14Inference services and hardware18

Layer

Prompt layer187Model layer80Training and data layer75Infrastructure layer7

System component

Guardrails and judges50Monitors9Reasoning chains26Fine-tuning and open weights38Vision46Audio9Video3Image generation24Multimodal79
Select any value within a category; different categories must all match. Counts include the other filters you have selected.Another 233papers have no tags yet and are not included in filtered results.
System type：Models and APIsAttack surface / entry point：User inputAttack surface / entry point：Documents and messagesAttack surface / entry point：Training dataClear all

Another 233papers do not have category tags yet and are not included in filtered results.

  1. DefensesarXiv 2610.13733

    KVeil: First-Place Solution for the ECCV 2026 LifeGenIP Unlearnable Video Challenge

    Propose KVeil, which adds perturbations to face videos to prevent unauthorized customization from reproducing identity

    arXiv
    2610.13733
    Published
    Layer
    Prompt layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Attacker
    White-box, Black-box
    Evaluated models
    Wan2.2-TI2V-5B, HunyuanVideo-1.5, Kling 3.0 and others4

    AbstractKVeil adapts LETHE's reference-reading disruption to the challenge's two stages, ranking first on the leaderboard in both Final columns.

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  2. InterpretabilityarXiv 2610.13078

    Attention sees, MLP refuses: tracing the safety pathway from attention to MLP in LLMs

    Trace attention to identify harmfulness to the MLP refusal write pathway and propose Sentinel

    arXiv
    2610.13078
    Published
    Layer
    Model layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct, Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct, Qwen3-8B-Instruct and others18
    AbstractAttention updates are more readable for harmfulness, MLP updates write refusal, and Sentinel routes alerts using two-path signals.

    The authors reframe jailbreaking and excessive refusal of aligned models as a pathway problem on the residual stream from recognition to writing, and accordingly provide conditional reminders before decoding.

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  3. Analysis and theoryarXiv 2610.13051

    Space beats statistics, retraining beats ranking: auditing training labels under label-only backdoors

    Auditing training labels for label-only backdoors, comparing spaces and statistics, and judging by retraining

    arXiv
    2610.13051
    Published
    Layer
    Training and data layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    ResNet-32
    AbstractLabel inspection must be done in a space that has not been fitted to these labels, and judged by retrained models rather than detection scores.

    The authors ask: can a defender without trusted data decide which training labels to keep, and how much clean data this destroys, and what the final model accuracy is.

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  4. AttacksarXiv 2610.12644

    Cancerous backdoor attack: progressive activation via invisible tokens and a stage controller.

    Proposes the Cancerous backdoor, which progressively corrupts reasoning using invisible stage tokens.

    arXiv
    2610.12644
    Published
    Layer
    Training and data layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct, Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct, Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3
    AbstractHidden tokens plus a stage controller make the backdoor progressively corrupt reasoning upon triggering, and the authors believe that looking only at the answer will miss it.

    Cancerous Backdoor Attack changes LLM backdoors from one-time activation to multi-stage reasoning corruption that accumulates progressively with triggers.

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  5. InterpretabilityarXiv 2610.12361

    Study: legal reasoning models citing legal provisions does not equal relying on legal provisions.

    Uses premise permutation and hidden-layer tracing to audit whether legal chain-of-thought truly relies on the cited legal provisions.

    arXiv
    2610.12361
    Published
    Layer
    Model layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    Qwen3-8B, Qwen3-14B, Llama-3.1-8B and others7
    AbstractUsing counterfactual substitution of authorities and internal commitment tracing, the authors find that legal CoT rulings depend on authorities only to a limited extent and are vulnerable to prompt injection manipulation.

    This study conducts an empirical audit of the causal truthfulness of legal citations in chain-of-thought reasoning of large language models in the legal domain.

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  7. DefensesarXiv 2610.11848

    SemField: training-free semantic watermark

    Proposes the semantic watermark SemField, which still identifies the attribution of generated text after paraphrasing and structural changes.

    arXiv
    2610.11848
    Published
    Layer
    Model layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    Llama-3.2-1B, Qwen3-1.7B, OPT-1.3B
    AbstractTraining-independent document-level semantic watermark.

    SemField is a zero-bit semantic watermark embedded by the provider at generation time and detected later with a key, used to identify the provider's own model text after paraphrasing and sentence-level structural changes.

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  8. Evaluation and benchmarksarXiv 2610.11766

    研究提出意图恢复率作为 LLM 安全评测的补充指标

    提出 IRIS，用意图恢复率区分遮蔽越狱下无害输出的原因

    arXiv
    2610.11766
    Published
    Layer
    Prompt layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    GPT-4o, Claude Sonnet 4.5, Claude Opus 4.5 and others6
    Abstract无害输出的证据权重取决于任务是否被恢复。

    IRIS 把意图恢复当作中间信号，用来解释意图遮蔽提示下为何没有出现有害协助。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  9. Evaluation and benchmarksarXiv 2610.11112

    EpiReal-Bench：商用图像生成模型虚假声明红队基准

    构建 EpiReal-Bench，评测图像生成器将虚假主张渲染为可信证据

    arXiv
    2610.11112
    Published
    Layer
    Prompt layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Attacker
    Black-box
    Evaluated models
    GPT-Image-2, Nano Banana 2, Grok Imagen 2.0 and others4
    Abstract四款商用图像模型能把假主张画成可信证据。

    EpiReal-Bench 用来量商用图像生成器会不会把虚假现实主张画成可信视觉证据。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  10. DefensesarXiv 2610.11005

    研究：叙事包装可跨语言绕过 LLM 拒答

    提出 GUISE 基准与 AXIS 训练，防御叙事包装越狱

    arXiv
    2610.11005
    Published
    Layer
    Training and data layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    Qwen3-1.7B, Qwen3-4B, GLM-4-9B
    AbstractGUISE 分开测包装与语域。

    作者测量叙事包装下的拒答失效，并训练一个在未见包装上拒绝、同时仍回答同风格良性请求的适配器。问题是：安全对齐模型拒绝直说的有害请求，却回答嵌进角色或叙事里的同一请求。文言文被用来把语域和包装拆开。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  12. DefensesarXiv 2610.10345

    SLDR：通过选择性层恢复与动态路由防御恶意微调

    提出 SLDR，用选择性层恢复与动态路由防御恶意微调

    arXiv
    2610.10345
    Published
    Layer
    Training and data layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Attacker
    Black-box
    Evaluated models
    Llama3.1-8B-Instruct, Llama3-8B-Instruct, Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct and others4
    Abstract作者称 SLDR 能压低有害输出并保持下游效用。

    SLDR 是针对恶意微调的微调后防御：在已对齐模型上做有符号层探测，只在敏感分数最大与最小的两层训练 LoRA，再用 lmax 的最后 token 表示决定是否启用适配器。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  13. Evaluation and benchmarksarXiv 2610.10276

    PatchBench 提出激活补丁局部评测协议，揭示越狱修复的附带损伤

    提出 PatchBench-Local 协议，评测激活补丁修复越狱的局部附带损伤

    arXiv
    2610.10276
    Published
    Layer
    Model layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    Qwen2.5-3B-Instruct, Qwen2.5-14B-Instruct, gemma-3-4b-it and others8

    Abstract论文提出 PatchBench 与局部评估协议，揭示了激活补丁在全局能力无损下仍存局部良性退化。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  14. DefensesarXiv 2610.09941

    OrthoPurify 用一步正交投影净化被后门污染的视觉语言模型

    提出 OrthoPurify，用正交投影清除视觉语言模型适配器中的劫持方向

    arXiv
    2610.09941
    Published
    Layer
    Training and data layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    LLaVA-1.5-7B, Qwen3-VL-8B, LLaVA-1.5-13B and others5
    Abstract一次投影去掉劫持方向。

    OrthoPurify 是部署前的 LVLM 后门净化方法，用一次正交投影去掉被劫持的权重更新方向。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  16. DefensesarXiv 2610.09703

    研究揭示 Token-Pruning 对 VLM 安全性的影响并提出 SAP 缓解机制

    提出 Safety-Aware Pruning，缓解视觉 token 剪枝放大的多模态越狱

    arXiv
    2610.09703
    Published
    Layer
    Model layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Attacker
    Black-box
    Evaluated models
    LLaVA-1.5-7B
    Abstract剪枝去掉背景 token 后注意力塌向恶意前景。

    这篇工作评估视觉 token 剪枝如何改变 VLM 在多模态越狱下的行为，并给出推理时防御 SAP。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  17. DefensesarXiv 2610.09167

    Persist-3 用顺序检验识别未见越狱来源，提升 MTK 与 Prompt Guard 2 防御效果

    提出 Persist-3 序贯检验，从隐藏表示识别未见越狱源

    arXiv
    2610.09167
    Published
    Layer
    Model layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    Llama2-7B-chat, Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct, Gemma-2-9B-it and others4
    AbstractPersist-3 用有限窗口检验攻击流是否超出已知越狱源，检出率低于全历史 SR-DKW，但决策只依赖最近观测。

    Persist-3 是一个有限记忆的序贯检测器，用来判断攻击表示流是否已经不能由任何一个已知越狱源解释。。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  18. Evaluation and benchmarksarXiv 2610.09033

    研究发布 ASRD 数据集，评测五款开源模型在非规范输入下的安全表现

    arXiv
    2610.09033
    Published
    Layer
    Prompt layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    Gemma 2 9B, Gemma 3 4B, Llama 3.1 8B and others6
    Abstract五模型、七族表面形式的四态评测里，低有害遵从不等于读懂后的安全处理。

    ASRD 用四态标签检查五个开源模型如何处理非规范表面上的有害请求。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  19. AttacksarXiv 2610.09027

    P-VMI：对抗图像经 KV cache 持续影响多轮对话

    提出持久视觉记忆注入，使对抗图像经缓存在触发时操控输出

    arXiv
    2610.09027
    Published
    Layer
    Infrastructure layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Evaluated models
    Qwen3-8B, Qwen3-VL-8B-Instruct, Gemma-4-12B

    Abstract论文提出 P-VMI，证实对抗输入被掩蔽后仍可经 KV 缓存持久控制模型，强调了保留状态的安全风险。

    Paper analysisRead analysis
  20. DefensesarXiv 2610.08316

    MARCO：面向蛋白质生成模型的放射性水印框架

    提出 MARCO 放射性水印，冻结蛋白质生成模型并在去噪时嵌入签名

    arXiv
    2610.08316
    Published
    Layer
    Model layer
    Setting
    Models and APIs
    Attacker
    Black-box
    Evaluated models
    RFdiffusion, ESMFold, Chroma and others6
    AbstractMARCO 在冻结的 PGM 上去噪时嵌构象水印，作者称能兼顾保真与抗扰动，并使盗版模型继承水印。

    MARCO 是加在蛋白质生成模型推理过程上的构象水印，用来标记知识产权，并为可能的生物安全滥用保留可追溯信号。作者还把它说成数字权利管理工具，以及符合生物武器公约的数字监管链。问题在于：专有 PGM 的三维输出可能被拿去训练盗版模型，也可能在来源被抹掉后绕过筛查。

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