Open problems in frontier AI risk management

The researchers systematically survey open problems in frontier AI risk management, reviewing and categorizing the literature across five stages: risk planning, identification, analysis, evaluation and mitigation. The authors group the open problems into three categories: lack of scientific or technical consensus, misalignment with or challenges to existing risk management frameworks, and consensus and frameworks being in place but with deficiencies in implementation. On this basis, the paper identifies the actors best suited to advancing each type of problem, including developers, deployers, regulators, standards bodies, researchers and third-party evaluators. The research does not propose specific solutions but serves as an agenda-setting reference document, accompanied by a continuously updated online repository to support coordination and reduce duplicated work.