Teenagers are increasingly relying on AI chatbots like ChatGPT for emotional support, and policymakers must respond.

A new study shows that nearly 1 in 5 U.S. teens—about 8 million people—have turned to AI chatbots for mental health advice. The authors, drawing on interview research from Stanford University and Hopelab, say teens treat AI as a first choice for private issues such as anxiety and family conflict, and the risk of emotional and social dependence is outpacing what policy and research can address. The Senate Judiciary Committee has advanced the GUARD Act, which would prohibit providing AI companions to minors. The authors argue for design that reduces dependence rather than an outright ban, and for teaching social and emotional AI literacy.