The AI sovereignty dilemma: from Brussels to Bangalore

The scenario "Europe 2031," co-authored by AI researchers, warns that Europe faces economic and political marginalization if it cannot compete in frontier AI development; within days of its release, the U.S. government ordered Anthropic to restrict non-U.S. users' access to its most advanced AI models, an event the scenario had predicted for 2029. The discussion around AI sovereignty also extends to Europe's dependence on frontier models, the UN AI governance dialogue, and the digital sovereignty shift revealed by India's Aadhaar.