DefensesarXiv 2603.14707
Visual Confusion Agents: Exploiting and Defending Against Perception Failures in Computer-Use Agents
Proposes out-of-process dual-channel comparison classification to intercept erroneous clicks by computer-use agents
- arXiv
- 2603.14707
- Published
- Layer
- Application layer
- Setting
- Browser and computer use
- Evaluated models
- multi-modal-embed-small
- DefensesDetection and filtering
- AttacksPrompt injection
- RiskDangerous agent actions
- ComponentGuardrails and judges
AbstractPerception errors can be exploited by swapping screen pixels.
The authors frame CUA's perception failure as a security vulnerability, visual confused deputy: the agent authorizes click(x,y) based on a misread screen, and the actual landing point differs from the element it believes it is clicking.