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Attack type：Poisoning and backdoors Attack type：Extraction and theft System component：Reasoning chains System component：Embeddings System component：Multimodal Clear all

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AttacksarXiv 2610.12644Oct 9
Cancerous backdoor attack: progressive activation via invisible tokens and a stage controller.
Proposes the Cancerous backdoor, which progressively corrupts reasoning using invisible stage tokens.
arXiv
2610.12644
Published
Oct 9
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct, Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct, Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.3
- AttacksPoisoning and backdoors
- TechniqueDormant triggers
- ComponentReasoning chains
AbstractHidden tokens plus a stage controller make the backdoor progressively corrupt reasoning upon triggering, and the authors believe that looking only at the answer will miss it.
Cancerous Backdoor Attack changes LLM backdoors from one-time activation to multi-stage reasoning corruption that accumulates progressively with triggers.
Paper analysisRead analysis
DefensesarXiv 2610.09941Oct 7
OrthoPurify 用一步正交投影净化被后门污染的视觉语言模型
提出 OrthoPurify，用正交投影清除视觉语言模型适配器中的劫持方向
arXiv
2610.09941
Published
Oct 7
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
LLaVA-1.5-7B, Qwen3-VL-8B, LLaVA-1.5-13B and others5
- DefensesModel hardening
- AttacksPoisoning and backdoors
- ComponentFine-tuning and open weights
Abstract一次投影去掉劫持方向。
OrthoPurify 是部署前的 LVLM 后门净化方法，用一次正交投影去掉被劫持的权重更新方向。
Paper analysisRead analysis
AttacksarXiv 2610.09920Oct 7
研究：多向量视觉文档索引可被反演还原页面内容
提出流匹配逆向框架，从多向量视觉文档索引重构页面
arXiv
2610.09920
Published
Oct 7
Layer
Application layer
Setting
LLM applications
Evaluated models
Tomoro-ColQwen3-8B, ColQwen3.5-4.5B, Tomoro-colqwen3-embed-4b and others13
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- ComponentEmbeddings
Paper analysisRead analysis
AttacksarXiv 2610.09819Oct 7
FAB 攻击：给 HuBERT/WavLM 植入后门，背景警笛声即可让下游语音任务失灵
提出 FAB 攻击，向声学基础模型植入可由环境声触发的后门
arXiv
2610.09819
Published
Oct 7
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
HuBERT-base, WavLM-base
- AttacksPoisoning and backdoors
- TechniqueDormant triggers
- ComponentAudio
Abstract论文提出了针对声学基模的 FAB 后门攻击，在弱威胁模型下实现了任务无关、物理可触发的后门植入。
Paper analysisRead analysis
AttacksarXiv 2610.05601Oct 5
Tracer 框架可从遗忘后的扩散模型中识别被擦除概念
提出 TRACER，从权重差识别扩散模型被擦除概念
arXiv
2610.05601
Published
Oct 5
Layer
Model layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Attacker
White-box
Evaluated models
Stable Diffusion v1.5, Stable Diffusion 3, FLUX.1 and others5
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- ComponentImage generation
AbstractTRACER 用权重足迹识别未披露擦除概念并估计个数，作者称数秒内完成且准确率高于对照。
TRACER 针对的是遗忘扩散模型上的目标识别：提供者从公开基座 W 用已发表方法擦掉未知集合 S⋆，只发布 W′。攻击者还有假定包含这些概念的词表，但不知擦了谁、擦了几个、用了什么算法。
Paper analysisRead analysis
AttacksarXiv 2610.05453Oct 5
研究者提出 Privacy-Leaking Watermarks，可在本地多模态模型中泄露对话隐私
提出 PLW，用微调把先前对话敏感触发编码进后续生成图像
arXiv
2610.05453
Published
Oct 5
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
OmniGen2, BAGEL-7B
- AttacksPoisoning and backdoors
- TechniqueDormant triggers
- ComponentFine-tuning and open weights
AbstractPLW 把先前对话线索写成后续图像中的隐水印，检出随触发、模型和间隔变化。
Paper analysisRead analysis
AttacksarXiv 2610.01871Oct 1
研究者提出 IMMRAG 攻击，可从多模态 RAG 数据存储中提取医学与文档图像
提出 imMRAG 攻击，从多模态 RAG 私有图像库提取内容
arXiv
2610.01871
Published
Oct 1
Layer
Application layer
Setting
LLM applications
Attacker
Black-box
Evaluated models
Lumina-mGPT, Gemini 2.5 Flash Image Preview, CLIP ViT-B/16 and others5
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- TechniqueCross-modal payloads
- ComponentRAG
Paper analysisRead analysis
DefensesarXiv 2609.39548Sep 30
NDDL：用正常扩散动力学为文生图模型做后门防御
提出 NDDL，用良性扩散轨迹检测文生图后门提示并定位触发 token
arXiv
2609.39548
Published
Sep 30
Layer
Model layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
Stable Diffusion v1.5, Stable Diffusion XL, Stable Diffusion v3.5 and others4
- DefensesMonitoring and auditing
- AttacksPoisoning and backdoors
- ComponentImage generation
AbstractNDDL 从良性扩散轨迹学习正常转移，用动态不一致检测后门并定位触发 token。
NDDL 是面向文生图扩散模型的后门防御：防御者只有白盒模型访问和良性提示词，没有后门先验，需要区分后门提示词并找出触发 token。
Paper analysisRead analysis
AttacksarXiv 2609.39047Sep 30
BadAction：通过动作引导触发器对交互式视频生成模型实施后门攻击
提出 BadAction，通过动作触发器给交互式视频生成植入后门
arXiv
2609.39047
Published
Sep 30
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
Astra (Wan2.1-T2V-1.3B)
- AttacksPoisoning and backdoors
- TechniqueDormant triggers
- ComponentFine-tuning and open weights
Paper analysisRead analysis
AttacksarXiv 2609.35699Sep 29
论文：蒸馏防御在蒸馏后强化学习下易被攻破
提出用 API 推理摘要重建轨迹再蒸馏加强化学习，攻破蒸馏防御
arXiv
2609.35699
Published
Sep 29
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Attacker
Black-box
Evaluated models
Qwen2.5-0.5B, Qwen2.5-1.5B, Qwen2.5-3B and others12
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- ComponentReasoning chains
Abstract更现实的蒸馏攻击是蒸馏后再 RL。
这篇工作修订蒸馏攻击的威胁模型：攻击者经合法 API 收集闭源推理数据，先蒸馏自有模型，再做强化学习。作者认为只在蒸馏后评估防御，会漏掉后续 RL，从而高估防御。
Paper analysisRead analysis
Evaluation and benchmarksarXiv 2609.35912Sep 28
MMSkillRisk：多模态技能图像中的隐藏指令可诱导 Agent 执行未授权操作
提出 MMSkillRisk 基准，评测多模态技能图像中的隐藏指令诱导 Agent 越权操作
arXiv
2609.35912
Published
Sep 28
Layer
Application layer
Setting
coding agent
Evaluated models
GPT-5.6-sol, Kimi-K2.6, Kimi-K3 and others6
- AttacksPrompt injection
- TechniqueCross-modal payloads
- ComponentMCP and skills
Abstract论文提出 MMSkillRisk 基准与 NCVA 攻击，揭示多模态技能中教学图像潜藏指令可引发未授权操作并与良性任务共存。
Paper analysisRead analysis
Evaluation and benchmarksarXiv 2609.34092Sep 28
机器遗忘在 ASR 中是否有效：arXiv 论文评估现有算法与评测工具
arXiv
2609.34092
Published
Sep 28
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
E-Branchformer
- DefensesModel hardening
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- ComponentAudio
Abstract梯度上升类方法更接近简单评测下的重训参照，复杂方法会被知情攻击认出，多说话人更差。
Paper analysisRead analysis
Evaluation and benchmarksarXiv 2609.33481Sep 27
IDUnlearn-Bench：面向视觉语言模型的个体级遗忘基准
提出 IDUnlearn-Bench，评测 VLM 个体级遗忘后的身份残留
arXiv
2609.33481
Published
Sep 27
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
Qwen3-VL-2B, Qwen3-VL-4B, Qwen3-VL-8B and others6
- DefensesModel hardening
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- ComponentVision
AbstractIDUnlearn-Bench 用四族探针显示：压低直接属性访问后，身份仍常能被反向查出、绑定或重构。
IDUnlearn-Bench 评测 VLM 是否忘掉一个可跨模态识别的人，而不只是答不出某条监督事实。
Paper analysisRead analysis
DefensesarXiv 2609.28239Sep 23
ODPure：通过集成破坏共识实现目标检测后门净化
提出 ODPure，在输入阶段用腐蚀重建与共识净化目标检测后门
arXiv
2609.28239
Published
Sep 23
Layer
Prompt layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
YOLOv5, Faster R-CNN
- AttacksPoisoning and backdoors
- ComponentVision
Paper analysisRead analysis
DefensesarXiv 2609.23586Sep 20
VidMark：面向视频生成模型知识产权保护的高效水印方案
提出 VidMark 水印方案，核验视频生成模型的输出来源与所有权
arXiv
2609.23586
Published
Sep 20
Layer
Model layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
Stable Video Diffusion (SVD), Open-Sora, Wan
- DefensesWatermarking and provenance
- AttacksDetection evasion
- ComponentImage generation
AbstractVidMark 加解码器引导微调，把模型签名写入 VGM 输出并用于两项核验。
Huang 等人提出一套面向视频生成模型的生成内嵌水印方案，用来同时判断一条视频是否来自受保护模型，以及一个嫌疑模型是否为该模型的拷贝。
Paper analysisRead analysis
DefensesarXiv 2609.16229Sep 15
ARIA：用稀疏自编码器实现测试时机器遗忘
提出 ARIA，在冻结权重上用 SAE 做推理时遗忘门控
arXiv
2609.16229
Published
Sep 15
Layer
Model layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Attacker
White-box
Evaluated models
DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-1.5B, Gemma-3-1B-it
- DefensesInference-time intervention
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- ComponentReasoning chains
Paper analysisRead analysis
DefensesarXiv 2609.15799Sep 15
RAPID：面向文生图服务的实时防未授权蒸馏防御
提出 RAPID，离线把抗蒸馏扰动写入文生图解码器
arXiv
2609.15799
Published
Sep 15
Layer
Model layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Attacker
Black-box
Evaluated models
PixArt, SSD, SDXL and others4
- DefensesModel hardening
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- ComponentImage generation
Paper analysisRead analysis
DefensesarXiv 2609.15671Sep 14
QPriv-VL：面向视觉语言模型的问题引导 token 裁剪隐私防御
提出 QPriv-VL，用问题引导剪枝降低分布式视觉问答的隐私泄露
arXiv
2609.15671
Published
Sep 14
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
LLaVA-1.5-7B, Llama-2
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- ComponentVision
AbstractQPriv-VL 在切层前按问题相关度与 DINOv2 敏感度剪视觉 token，作者称能在约四成 token 下兼顾准确率与四类攻击。
QPriv-VL 把问题引导的视觉 token 剪枝做成分布式 VQA 的客户端隐私防御，而不是只做集中式推理加速。
Paper analysisRead analysis
AttacksarXiv 2609.07048Sep 7
FreqDoor：面向视觉语言模型的频域后门攻击
提出 FreqDoor，在频域混合振幅并对生成式 VLM 做训练时视觉后门
arXiv
2609.07048
Published
Sep 7
Layer
Training and data layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
BLIP-2 (opt-2.7b), InstructBLIP (flan-t5-xl), LLaVA (interleave-qwen)
- AttacksPoisoning and backdoors
- TechniqueDormant triggers
- ComponentVision
AbstractFreqDoor 用频域振幅混合给三款 VLM 植入仅视觉的训练时后门。
FreqDoor 是针对生成式 VLM 的仅视觉、训练时后门：在频域混合触发源振幅、保留干净图像相位，使触发在空间上分散。
Paper analysisRead analysis
AttacksarXiv 2609.06749Sep 7
PMA 攻击：针对隐私保护 LLM 中嵌入到嵌入混淆的语义流形对齐方法
提出 PMA，用流形对齐从 E2EO 混淆向量恢复明文
arXiv
2609.06749
Published
Sep 7
Layer
Model layer
Setting
Models and APIs
Evaluated models
BERT-base, RoBERTa-base, T5-base and others6
- AttacksExtraction and theft
- ComponentEmbeddings
Paper analysisRead analysis

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